====== Huon Tip ====== Timothy Usher, Santa Fe Institute ===== Situation ===== The Huon Tip family consists of least five languages spoken on the easternmost tip of the Huon peninsula in Papua New Guinea's Morobe province. Its nearest llinguistic relative is Kovai spoken on Umboi island to the north. The best-known and most thoroughly documented Huon Tip language is Wemo, commonly known as Kâte (Suter 2018: 6, q.v. p.4.) ===== Subclassification ===== The internal classification of Huon Tip is as follows:\\ \\ Huon Tip Sene Masaweng River Migabac Momare Southeast Huon Mape-Naga Mape Naga Kâte Wemo Wamorâ Mâgobineng Parec Wanac ===== Sources ===== **[under construction]**\\ \\ Zöller (1891) … (unobtained) Grube (1895) Kai (unobtained) Dempwolff (1905: 245) 28 terms for Ago (Migabac) Dempwolff (1924-1925) Kâte kinship system (unobtained) Ray (1919) … (pp. 320-321) Kai group Keysser (1925) dictionary of Kâte (unobtained) Pilhofer (1926-1927) Kâte (unobtained) Pilhofer (1926-1927) Kâte (unobtained) Pilhofer (1927-1928) comparative morphology for Huon Tip languages Pilhofer (1928-1929) 290 comparative terms for Kâte, Naga, Mape, Wamoḷa, Mâgob, Sene, Momăḷe and Migabac Pilhofer (1933) grammar of Kâte Pilhofer (1953) vocabulary of Kâte (unobtained) Schneuker (1962) Kâte (unobtained) McElhanon (1968) 1,519 comparative terms for Wemo, Wanac, Parec, Mape-Nigâc, Mape, Naga, Wamorâ, Bamotâ (Mâgobineng,) Sene, Momare and Migabac McElhanon (1968) species terms for Mape, Naga, Sene, Momare and Migabac     McElhanon and Voorhoeve (1970) 67 Trans New Guinea comparisons include examples from Migabac, Momare, Sene, Mâgobineng, Wâmora, Wemo, Naga, West Mape and East Mape McElhanon (1973) Finisterre-Huon typology McElhanon (1974) Huon glottal stop McElhanon (1975) … McElhanon (1978) Morobe province classification and checklist McElhanon (2012) 1,907 comparative terms for Wemo McElhanon (2012) 830 comparative terms for Wemo Johnson (1972) Kâte verbs Flierl and Strauss (1977) dictionary of Kâte Smith (1988) Morobe counting systems (unobtained) Brown and Brown (1991) sketch phonology of Kovai (unobtained) Brown (1992) grammar of Kovai (unobtained) Brown (1992) sketch phonology of Kovai Bugenhagen (1994) Kovai (unobtained) Sifurna (1997) Mape verbs (unobtained) Suter (1997) comparison of Kâte verbal desinences with those of Kovai, Ono and a number of other New Guinean languages Suter (2010) Kâte ergative Suter (2012) … Suter (n.d.) Huon labiovelars Suter (n.d.) Huon case enclitics Suter (2018) comparative Huon Tip grammar including (pp. 34-40) Huon Tip object-marking verbs and (pp. 160-173) Huon Tip desinences McEvoy (2002) grammar of Migabac (unobtained) McEvoy (2003) Migabac serial verbs (unobtained) McEvoy (2003, 2005) phonology of and (pp. 287-292) 389-term vocabulary for (Southern) Migabac McEvoy (2004) sketch phonology of Migabac McEvoy (2008) grammar of Migabac McEvoy (2012) Migabac dialects\\ \\ In addition to these, vocabularies of Kovai and Kâte were provided in digitalized form by Paul Whitehouse via the Summer Institute of Linguistics; however they are unattributed. ===== Historiy of classification ===== **[under construction]**\\ \\ … ===== Historical phonology ===== **[under construction]**\\ \\ Proto-Huon Tip had 16 consonants and perhaps 5 to 7 vowels as follows: |< - 60px 60px 60px 60px 60px >| | *m | *n | | *ŋ | | | *p | *t | *s | *k | *kp | | *b | *d | *dz | *g | *gb | | *w | *ɾ | *j | | | |< - 60px 60px 60px >| | *i | | [*u] | | *e | [*ɵ] | *o | | | *ɐ | | | | *ɑ | | Coarticulated labiovelar stops /*kp *gb/ descend from rounded velars /*kʷ *ŋgʷ/. They are given as <*kp *gb> here because their realizations as such appear to be universal within Huon Tip.\\ \\ Vowels /*ɵ *u/ are uncommon, and are suspected of having arisen from diphthongs /*ɐⁱ *ɐᵘ/. Mid back /*o/ is shown here as such because this is its prevailing reflex, and because it appears to contrast at the Proto-Huon Tip level with [*u], although it is known to descend from Huon /*u/.\\ \\ Consonant clusters are found only acress morpheme boundaries.\\ \\ Root-finally, nasals /*m *n/ and stops /*p *t *k/ are realized as one of two archiphonemes as follows (McElhanon 1974): |< - 60px >| | *N | | *ʔ | Consonants correspond as follows: |< - 80px 80px 80px 80px 80px 80px 80px 80px 80px >| | Huon Tip | Sene | Migabac | Momare | Mape | Naga | Wemo | Mâgob. | Wâmora | | *… | | | | | | | | | | *… | | | | | | | | | | *… | | | | | | | | | | *… | | | | | | | | | | *… | | | | | | | | | | *… | | | | | | | | | | *… | | | | | | | | | | *… | | | | | | | | | | *… | | | | | | | | | | *… | | | | | | | | | | *… | | | | | | | | | | *… | | | | | | | | | | *… | | | | | | | | | | *… | | | | | | | | | | *… | | | | | | | | | Vowels correspond as follows: |< - 80px 80px 80px 80px 80px 80px 80px 80px 80px >| | Huon Tip | Sene | Migabac | Momare | Mape | Naga | Wemo | Mâgob. | Wâmora | | *… | | | | | | | | | | *… | | | | | | | | | | *… | | | | | | | | | | *… | | | | | | | | | | *… | | | | | | | | | | *… | | | | | | | | | | *… | | | | | | | | | | *… | | | | | | | | | These correspondences are exemplified as follows …\\ \\ \\ … initial consonants …\\ \\ …\\ \\ \\ … medial consonants …\\ \\ …\\ \\ \\ … final consonants …\\ \\ …\\ \\ \\ … vowels and diphthongs …\\ \\ …\\ ===== Pronouns ===== **[under construction]**\\ \\ …\\ ===== Verbal morphology ===== **[under construction]**\\ \\ …\\ \\ \\