====== Nomu ======

Timothy Usher, Santa Fe Institute

===== Situation =====
Nomu is spoken by approximately 810 people (1975) living in five villages in Papua New Guinea's Morobe province. Many Nomu speakers speak Ono as a second language (Hooley and McElhanon 1970: 1070-1071, McElhanon 1975: 534, 1984: 24, Suter 2018: 7, q.v. p. 4.)

===== Sources =====
**[under construction]**\\
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McElhanon and Voorhoeve (1970) 67 Trans New Guinea comparisons include examples from Nomu

McElhanon (2012) 790 comparative terms for Nomu

McElhanon (n.d.) field notes for Nomu (unobtained)

Suter (2018) …

===== Phonology =====
**[under construction]**\\
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===== Pronouns =====
Suter (2018: 298-299 after McElhanon n.d.) gives personal pronouns for Nomu in five case forms as follows (morpheme separations ours):

|< - 100px 100px 100px 100px 100px 100px >|
|     |basic    |ergative|genitive|possessive|emphatic|
|1 sg.|no       |no-ŋo   |no-got  |-n ~ -ne  |no-n    |
|2 sg.|go       |go-ŋo   |go-got  |-ge       |go-i    |
|3 sg.|jok      |jok-ŋo  |jo-kot  |-ŋe       |jok-ŋe  |
|1 pl.|nen      |nen-ŋo  |nen-got |-ŋene     |nen-ŋene|
|2 pl.|je       |je-ŋo   |je-got  |-(j)eŋe   |je-iŋe  |
|3 pl.|(jok-)je |je-ŋo   |je-got  |-(j)eŋe   |je-iŋe  |
|1 dl.|net      |net-ŋo  |net-kot |-ŋere     |net-ŋere|
|2 dl.|jet      |jet-ŋo  |jet-kot |-(j)etŋe  |je-itŋe |
|3 dl.|(jok-)jet|jet-ŋo  |jet-kot |-(j)etŋe  |je-itŋe |

The emphatics are usually formed by the suffixation of the possissive to the base.



===== Verbal morphology =====
Suter (2018: 322 after McElhanon n.d.) gives Nomu subject desinences for final verbs in six tenses/moods as follows. Second and third persons are dinstinguished from one another only in singulars (morpheme separations ours):

|< - 100px 100px 100px 100px 100px 100px 100px >|
|       |past|future|present|habitual  |imperative|irrealis |
|1 sg.  |-an |-g-an |-wan   |-ma-wan   |-be       |-bal-ak  |
|2 sg.  |-on |-g-on |-dzan  |-mal-an   |-no       |-bonon-ak|
|3 sg.  |-op |-g-op |-dzap  |-mal-ap   |-ok       |-n-ak    |
|1 pl.  |-en |-g-en |-wen-en|-ma-wen-en|-ne       |-benen-ak|
|2/3 pl.|-e  |-g-e  |-wen-e |-ma-wen-e |-ŋet      |-be-ak   |
|1 dl.  |-et |-g-et |-wer-et|-ma-wer-et|-de       |-berer-ak|
|2/3 dl.|-ot |-g-ot |-wor-ot|-ma-wor-ot|-ot       |-boror-ak|

Different-subject medial verbs distinguish three aspects as follows;

|< - 100px 100px 100px 100px >|
|       |sequential|simultaneous|durative |
|1 sg.  |-be       |-be-so      |-ma-be   |
|2 sg.  |-no       |-no-so      |-ma-no   |
|3 sg.  |-e        |-eso        |-mal-e   |
|1 pl.  |-en-e     |-ne-so      |-mal-en-e|
|2/3 pl.|-e        |-ŋet-so     |-mal-e   |
|1 dl.  |-er-e     |-re-so      |-mal-er-e|
|2/3 dl.|-or-o     |-ot-so      |-mal-or-o|